Lesson Objective

Students will be able to explain and compare conduction, convection, and radiation, and analyze how thermal energy is transferred in different materials and systems.

-How does thermal energy move between objects?

-What is conduction and where does it occur?

-How does convection transfer heat in fluids?

-What is radiation and how does it differ from other forms of heat transfer?

-How do these processes work together in real-world systems?

-Thermal energy

-Heat

-Conduction

-Convection

-Radiation

-Insulator

-Conductor

-Fluid

-Temperature

-Particle motion

HS-PS3-1 – Model energy transfer within systems.

HS-PS3-2 – Use conservation of energy to explain thermal energy movement.

NGSS Crosscutting Concepts

-Energy and Matter

-Cause and Effect

-Systems and System Models

-Structure and Function

-Students will interpret diagrams of heat transfer processes in solids, liquids, and gases.

-Students will analyze real-world systems such as stoves, atmosphere, and oceans to explain thermal energy movement.

-Students will construct explanations using evidence from models and experiments.

Students will investigate how thermal energy is transferred through conduction, convection, and radiation. Through hands-on labs, simulations, and real-world examples, students will analyze how energy moves through different states of matter and systems.

Activities may include:

-Conduction lab using metals and heat sources

-Convection tank or water movement simulation

-Radiation comparison using light and heat sources

-Analyzing heat transfer in Earth systems such as atmosphere and oceans

Purpose: Develop understanding of thermal energy transfer mechanisms and their role in natural and engineered systems.

DOK Level: 3 – Strategic Thinking

-Students connect heat transfer to cooking, weather patterns, climate systems, clothing design, and building insulation.

-Students may think heat rises because it is “lighter.”

-Students may believe cold moves instead of heat transferring.

-Students may confuse radiation with radioactive materials.

-Visual particle motion models

-Guided lab procedures

-Structured CER writing frames

-Diagrams with labeled heat flow

-Group experiments for conduction and convection comparison

-Peer discussion of explanations

-Lab conclusions

-Heat transfer diagram labeling

-Quizzes on conduction, convection, and radiation

-CER explanations of heat transfer systems

-Exit tickets identifying heat transfer type in scenarios

-Heat lamps

-Metal rods or spoons

-Water tanks for convection

-Thermometers

-Diagrams of thermal systems