Lesson 2: Advanced Relief Interpretation

How can you visualize a 3D landscape using a 2D map of brown lines?

Index Contours, Knolls, Saddles, Spurs, Re-entrants.

2.12.3 Demonstrates knowledge of tactics and strategies within outdoor pursuits.

Level 2: Differentiate between a "spur" and a "re-entrant" based on the shape of the contour "V."

Level 3: Compare two potential routes based on their "Total Elevation Gain" versus distance.

Orienteering is often called "culling the map." In the real world, this is a vital survival skill for search and rescue, forestry, and military operations. Beyond the technicality, it builds "executive function"—the ability to filter out distracting information and focus on specific data points while under physical exertion. It teaches you to trust your tools (the compass) over your instincts (the feeling of being lost).

Orienteering is just using a map.

Create groups with varying skills and abilities
Create challenges with varying levels of difficulty

Students will identify 3 specific landforms visible to them on their topographic map.

• Mapping: High-resolution 1:5,000 or 1:10,000 scale IOF (International Orienteering Federation) maps.

• Navigation: Silva or Suunto baseplate compasses (with adjustable declination).

• Course Gear: Control points (orange/white flags), electronic timing "punches" (or manual pin punches).

• Safety: Whistles (required for all students), bright vests, and "safety bearing" cards for the local area.