Circular geometry (Radius, Diameter, Circumference, p, and how it relates to rotating tools.
The mechanics of Spur Gears (pitch diameter, addendum, dedendum).
The "RPM Formula": How diameter affects the speed at which a tool cuts.

Calculate the area of circular segments and compound shapes.
Perform math operations with angular measurements (degrees, minutes, seconds).
Speeds and Feeds Calculation: Use formulas to determine the correct RPM for cutting specific materials.

The Gear & Speed Sheet: Solving for the missing attributes of a gear train and determining the specific machine settings for a "Job Traveler" (work order).