Constitutional Basis and Structure

Article II of the U.S. Constitution establishes the Executive Branch.

Roles of the President, Vice President, and executive agencies.

Presidential Powers

Formal powers: veto, commander-in-chief, appointment of officials, treaty-making.

Informal powers: executive orders, executive agreements, signing statements, agenda-setting.

Roles of the President

Chief Executive, Chief Legislator, Commander-in-Chief, Chief Diplomat, Chief of State, Party Leader, Economic Leader.

Executive Agencies and Bureaucracy

Purpose of the federal bureaucracy in implementing laws.

Independent agencies vs. cabinet departments.

Regulatory agencies and enforcement powers.

Checks and Balances

How Congress and the judiciary limit executive power (e.g., impeachment, judicial review, Senate confirmation).

Elections and Succession

Electoral College process.

Presidential term limits (22nd Amendment).

Presidential succession (25th Amendment).

Presidential Influence and Public Policy

Role of the President in shaping domestic and foreign policy.

Impact of public opinion, media, and interest groups on presidential decision-making.

Students will Read, write, think, investigate, and debate the structure and function of the Executive Branch and the role(s) of the President.

Projects, debates, readings, and the unit assessment will encompass the demonstration of learning.