Lesson 7: The Reformation

Why do reform movements emerge within established institutions?
How does belief intersect with politics and power?
When does reform lead to fragmentation?

Reform
Institutional authority
Dissent

HIS.9-12.6 Analyze how challenges to authority influence institutions and governance.
HIS.9-12.3 Analyze multiple causes and effects of major historical transformations.

Students analyze arguments and write evidence-based explanations.

Students examine challenges to authority and institutional response. Primary DOK level: 3.

Connections to modern protest movements, reform efforts, and institutional change.

Students may view reform as purely religious.
Students may assume reform always leads to unity.

Discussion scaffolds.
Optional comparative writing.

Short analytical response on reform and power.

Primary texts, visuals, historical commentary.