Lesson Objective

Students will explain how European states established and maintained maritime empires through conquest, colonization, and economic exploitation.

Why did European states pursue overseas empires?
How did conquest reshape political and social systems?

conquistador, encomienda system, joint-stock company, mercantilism

APWH Unit 4 Topics 4.2, 4.3
Skill 3.A
Reasoning Process: Causation

Identifying claims and supporting evidence in historical texts.

Students examine motives for empire-building and the methods used to control overseas territories.
Purpose: Analyze imperial expansion and control
DOK: 3

Imperial legacies and global inequality.

Students may attribute conquest solely to military superiority.

Scaffolded source analysis; structured discussion prompts

Primary-source short-answer question.

Primary accounts, colonial maps