Unit 3: Stability & Safety

The primary materials used in construction, including wood, metal (steel/iron), rock, stone/masonry, and concrete.
Physical signs of material deterioration such as spalling, efflorescence, corrosion, rot, and UV photodegradation.
How external factors like temperature fluctuations, humidity, and chemical reactions (e.g., acid rain) lead to structural weakening.
The critical role of material formulation and the dangers of impurities in concrete and iron.
How specific engineering choices, such as welding vs. bolting, impact a material's ability to handle stress.

Analyze case studies of structural failures caused by poor material choice or formulation (e.g., the Connecticut crumbling foundation or the Hyatt Regency rods).
Classify deterioration factors for structural, insulating, and decorative materials.
Research strategies to protect materials, such as waterproof coatings, anti-corrosion applications, and fire retardants.
Determine material requirements for building at various "Levels" of human demand and natural hazard resilience.

• Material Failure Presentation: Research and present the "How and Why" behind a disaster linked to material breakdown.

• Formulation Lab Report: Document the results of experiments showing how incorrect recipes/impurities affect material strength.

• Resilient Design Proposal: A final project where students select and justify materials for a structure designed to withstand Level 4 environmental or human loads.