Lesson 3: Gross Anatomy & Lever Systems

Why is the human body designed as a series of levers? How do muscles work in "teams" to move a limb?

Origin, Insertion, Agonist, Antagonist, Synergist, 1st/2nd/3rd Class Levers, Fulcrum.

HS-LS1-2 (Interacting Systems).

Mathematical reasoning: Solving for "force x distance" in simple lever problems; using evidence to support a claim about efficiency.

Description: Mapping the major muscles of the body and their mechanical roles.

Purpose: To view the body as a functional machine.

DOK Level 2.

Ergonomics and workplace safety: why "lifting with your knees" changes the lever class and protects your lower back.

"Muscles can push bones away." (Correction: Muscles only pull; an opposing muscle must pull the bone back).

"Body Mapping": students use washable markers to draw muscle origins/insertions on their own arms or life-size paper outlines.

Biomechanics Project: Build a functional cardboard "arm" that correctly utilizes a 3rd class lever to lift a weight.

Cardboard, fasteners, elastic bands

Marieb’s Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology

Explore Learning's GIZMOS: "Muscles and Bones"