Unit 2: Cells

BIG IDEA 1: Evolution: Defend the origin of eukaryotic cells.
BIG IDEA 2: Energetics: How do the mechanisms for transport across membranes support energy conservation?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of cellular compartmentalization?
BIG IDEA 4: Systems Interactions: How are living systems affected by the presence or
absence of subcellular components?

2.1.A Explain how the structure and function of subcellular components and organelles contribute to the function of cells.
2.2.A Explain the effect of surface area-to-volume ratios on the exchange of materials between cells or organisms and the environment.
2.3.A Describe the roles of each of the components of the cell membrane in maintaining the internal environment of the cell.
2.3.B Describe the fluid mosaic model of cell membranes.
2.4.A Explain how the structure of biological membranes influences selective permeability.
2.4.B Describe the role of the cell wall in maintaining cell structure and function.
2.5.A Describe the mechanisms that organisms use to maintain solute and water balance.
2.5.B Describe the mechanisms that organisms use to transport large molecules across the plasma membrane.
2.6.A Explain how the structure of a molecule affects its ability to pass through the plasma membrane.
2.7.A Explain how concentration gradients affect the movement of molecules across membranes.
2.7.B Explain how osmoregulatory mechanisms contribute to the health and survival of organisms.
2.8.A Describe the processes that allow ions and other molecules to move across membranes.
2.9.A Describe the membrane-bound structures of the eukaryotic cell.
2.9.B Explain how internal membranes and membrane-bound organelles contribute to compartmentalization of eukaryotic cell functions.
2.10.A Describe similarities and/or differences in compartmentalization between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

2.1-Cell structure and Function-- 1.A-Describe biological concepts and processes. 6.A- Make a scientific claim.

2.2-Cell Size-- 2.D-Represent relationships within biological models, including mathematical models, diagrams, flowcharts, and systems. 5.A- Perform mathematical calculations, including: i. mathematical equations in the curriculum ii. means iii. rates iv. ratios v. percentages and percent changes

2.3-Plasma Membrane- 2.A- Describe characteristics of visual representations of biological concepts and processes.

2.4-Membrane Permeability- 5. D- Use data to evaluate a hypothesis or prediction, including rejecting or failing to reject the null hypothesis.

2.5- Membrane Transport-3. D- Propose a new investigation based on an evaluation of the experimental design or evidence.

2.6- Facilitated Diffusion-6.E -Predict the causes or effects of a change in, or disruption to, one or more components in a biological system.

2.7-Tonicity and Osmoregulation- 4.A- Construct a graph to represent the data, including: x-y graphs (bar, histogram, line, log scale, dual y), scatter plot, box and whisker plot, and pie chart. The graph should include the following components: i. type of graph appropriate for the data ii. axis labeling, including appropriate units and legend iii. scaling iv. accurately plotted data (including error bars when appropriate) v. trend line (when appropriate)

2.8- Mechanisms of Transport-1. B-Explain biological concepts and processes.

2.9- Cell Compartmentalization- 6.E -Predict the causes or effects of a change in, or disruption to, one or more components in a biological system.

2.10- Origins of Cell Compartmentalization- 6.B- Support a claim with evidence from biological principles, concepts, processes, and data.